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**Refer word document attached with this information for ease of reading: Essay discussing suicide prevention principles and concepts, as well as the general differences between the three levels of suicide prevention practice – suicide prevention, intervention, and postvention. Discuss the difference between universal preventions and primary prevention initiatives (with examples). Report on the effectiveness of reducing the access to means’ as an example of a universal prevention initiative. Layout of essay (headings): 1. Introduction Suicide in Australia – refer to data/info here https://www.aihw.gov.au/suicide-self-harm-monitoring/data/deaths-by-suicide-in-australia/suicide-deaths-over-time 2. What is the meaning of ‘suicide (universal/primary) prevention? 3. What are the general differences between the three levels of suicide prevention practice – suicide prevention, intervention, and postvention? 4. Discuss concepts of suicide (universal/primary) prevention. 5. Report on the effectiveness of reducing the ‘access to means’ as an example of a universal prevention initiative. As an Australian example use Alcohol (refer pdf and references attached) References that may be helpful (pdf attached) Platt, S., & Niederkrotenthaler, T. (2020). Suicide Prevention Programs. Crisis, 41(Suppl 1), S99-S124. Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Pathophysiology and Prevention of Adolescent and Adult Suicide; Goldsmith SK, Pellmar TC, Kleinman AM, et al., editors. Reducing Suicide: A National Imperative. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 2002. 8, Programs for Suicide Prevention. Available from: Paris, J. (2021). Can we predict or prevent suicide?: An update. Prev Med, 152(Pt 1), 106353. Berardelli, I., Innamorati, M., Sarubbi, S., Rogante, E., Erbuto, D., Lester, D., & Pompili, M. (2021). Demographic and Clinical Correlates of High-lethality Suicide Attempts: A Retrospective Study in Psychiatric Inpatients. J Psychiatr Pract, 27(6), 410-416. Witt, K., & Lubman, D. I. (2018). Effective suicide prevention: Where is the discussion on alcohol? Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 52(6), 507-508. Chong, D. G., Buckley, N. A., Schumann, J. L., & Chitty, K. M. (2020). Acute alcohol use in Australian coronial suicide cases, 2010-2015. Drug Alcohol Depend, 212, 108066. Fitzpatrick, S. J., Handley, T., Powell, N., Read, D., Inder, K. J., Perkins, D., & Brew, B. K. (2021). Suicide in rural Australia: A retrospective study of mental health problems, health-seeking and service utilisation. PloS one, 16(7), e0245271. Large, M. M. (2018). The role of prediction in suicide prevention. Dialogues in clinical neuroscience, 20(3), 197-205. Suicide & Self-monitoring harming Australian Government