In your discussion, you must include a critical evaluation. That should address
cross-cultural perspectives and/or methodological issues concerning the
concepts and research in that topic.
You may refer to the relevant lecturer(s) recommended reading, but a thorough
essay would include ideas from research or review papers that you can source from
academic literature searches (see next page) to enhance the discussion.
To help you evaluate âcross-cultural perspectivesâ, you may consider the
questions here (for guidance only â you may cover some or go beyond):
– Where have the bulk of research studies been conducted, and by whom
(where were/are researchers from)?
– What are the environmental and cultural features like in these places?
– How would people from these places understand the topic or key ideas?
– What would these features mean about the results and conclusions from
those studies?
– Would the findings from these studies apply to elsewhere?
On reviewing âmethodological issuesâ, you may consider these questions (for
guidance only â you may cover some or go beyond):
– What measures and procedures have most studies tended to use (e.g.,
experiments, case studies, observations)?
– How have the samples been recruited, allocated and tested?
– What are the pros and cons of such methods and sampling?
– Are there studies that use other measures, sampling or procedures?
– How may sampling/measures/procedures affect results or conclusions?
Also consider these overarching issues near the end:
– What would the issues you have just critically reviewed mean about the
current conclusions (or lack of consensus) of the topic?
– Therefore, what should be considered for future research studies on the
topic? [Make actual suggestions]
Critical evaluation is an essential part of the extended essay. You should:
1) Give enough room to cover this part. For example, limit the âdescriptiveâ part
(just laying out the theories and key/classic studies of your topic) to (roughly)
the first half of the essay.
2) Consider tackling the next (evaluative) part (cross-cultural perspectives and
methodological issues) key point by key point; such as addressing the above
questions as an initial guide
3) Read in depth and comprehend recommended reading and any extra:
[4. (Highly recommended) Use EBSCO, PsyINFO, Pubmed or other academic
literature search engines/databases to look for (preferably recent; say, last 5-10
years) papers; use the âAdvanced Searchâ functions and specific keywords such as
âcross-culturalâ, âmethodâ, âreviewâ, etc., etc. in the title or abstract.]
Although we frame them as halves or âpartsâ (or descriptive vs. evaluative), it is best
NOT to divide the work into headed sections. When developing the essay, the
relevant concepts under the topic should âflowâ from one to the next. Thus, an essay
may first define key terms, explain theories or positions then describe research, andfrom there transition towards evaluating those theories/positions and research. The
main difference from a âstandardâ or âgenericâ topical essay (like the ones you wrote
last year) is that the FOCUS of the evaluation part is based on cross-cultural
perspectives and/or methodological issues.
See the marking guide in Moodle for the indicative criteria.
When titling the essay, you should include the topic and the key evaluation.
As examples:
âAttachment relationships: Cross-cultural perspectivesâ
âProsopagnosia: A critical review of methodological issuesâ
In your discussion, you must include a critical evaluation. That should address
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