Assignent Solutionnurs

Write essays in response to each of the following:
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1) Respecting evolution, compare and contrast the perspectives of Charles Darwin and Herbert Spencer. Give examples.
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2) Outline Chomsky’s Influence on Behaviorism and Psycholinguistics. Give examples.
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3) Describe and explain Witmer’s contribution to the field of clinical psychology. Give examples.
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I’ve included passages from my textbook that can be used for in-text citations:
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Leahey, T. H. (2018). A History of Psychology: From Antiquity to Modernity (8th ed.) New York: Routledge.
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1) CHARLES DARWIN: “Darwin’s theory of natural selection: Nature produces innumerable variations among living things, and some of these variations are selected and preserved by the survival and reproduction of their bearers. Over time, isolated populations become adapted to their surroundings. Darwin noted that it seemed likely each species had descended from a common ancestor, and each had changed over time to exploit a particular way of life.”
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SPENCER: “Spencer views development of the mind as an adaptive adjustment to environmental conditions. Spencer applied his evolutionary ideas to contemporary social problems, producing a theory called Social Darwinism. He argued natural selection should be allowed to take its course on the human species. Government should do nothing to help the poor, weak, and helpless. Government should leave the cosmic process alone, for it will perfect humanity by the selection of the fittest.”
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2) CHOMSKY: “Chomsky claimed that behaviorist approaches to language cannot, in principle, cope with its creativity and flexibility. He argued that the infinite creativity of language, every sentence you hear or utter every day is new—can be understood only by recognizing that language is a rule-governed system. Chomsky argued that human language will not be understood until psychology discovers the rules of grammar, the mental structures, that underlie speaking and hearing.”
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3) WITMER: “Witmer taught child psychology courses to Philadelphia teachers. One of his students called Witmer’s attention to a student of hers who, although of apparently normal intelligence, could not read. Witmer examined the boy and attempted to remedy his problem, producing the first case in the history of clinical psychology. For Witmer, because clinical psychology was defined by a method—mental testing—its scope of application was wide. Witmer’s regimen of treatment sought to restructure the child’s home and school environment to change the child’s behavior.”