RhoGAM is used when the mother is Rh- and delivers a baby that is Rh+. RhoGAM helps prevent the mother’s body from producing antibodies that will hurt or kill red blood cells that are Rh+. There is a slight chance of a blood exchange between mom and baby in the first pregnancy. If left untreated, when the mom becomes pregnant again, her body will recognize Rh+ blood, and the antibodies made in the first pregnancy can cross the placenta and attack the fetus and cause fetal anemia, miscarriage, stillbirth, or hemolytic disease in the newborn (American College of Nurse-Midwives, 2013). RhoGAM is a drug that helps the mom stop making antibodies that will attack Rh+ blood. It is a sterilized solution from human blood containing a small amount of Rh+ proteins. This allows the mom’s body stops making antibodies against Rh+ blood. RhoGAM is also given with any vaginal bleeding during the pregnancy, miscarriage or abortion, amniocentesis, injury to the abdomen, or external version (American College of Nurse-Midwives, 2013).
RhoGAM can be given intramuscularly or intravenously. Some nursing implications are periodically assessing the vitals during therapy when giving IV RhoGAM (Vallerand & Sanoski, 2021). Before giving medication, nurses should ensure that the mom is Rh- and the baby is Rh+. Some contraindications to providing RhoGAM are hemolytic anemia, allergy to immune globulin, and Rh sensitization (American College of Nurse-Midwives, n.d.).
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